From the perspective of economic security, this article explains the importance of technology leakage countermeasures for regional companies and the support system implemented by METI through regional bureaus of economy, trade and industry.
In recent years, technology leakage has become more diverse and sophisticated. In advanced fields such as AI, semiconductors, and materials, private companies often take the lead, and regardless of organization size or location, technology leakage risks lurk in everyday economic activities such as overseas relocation of production bases, acceptance of foreign capital, and recruitment of engineers.As private companies exposed to fierce international competition expand overseas, it is important to take appropriate measures without being overly cautious.
implemented in 12/2024, the new system based on the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act establishes pre-reporting obligations for businesses planning to transfer critical technologies requiring enhanced security management (15 types including multilayer ceramic capacitors, carbon fiber, and solid electrolytes), and creates a public-private dialogue scheme where METI provides advice.This is a mechanism that aims to solve issues through dialogue based on trust relationships.
The inward direct investment screening system under the Foreign Exchange Act is also an important management measure.When Japanese companies operate in certain industries specified by the Foreign Exchange Act, foreign investors must submit notifications before investment, and the government can recommend or order changes or suspension of investments based on risk assessment.
Starting from fiscal year 2025, METI is implementing pilot projects at multiple regional economic bureaus with the theme of strengthening three areas: "technology management," "export control," and "investment management." For example, the Kansai Bureau of Economy, Trade and Industry holds economic security seminars jointly with Kyoto Prefectural Police for corporate officials in Keihanna Science City, explaining the importance of technology leakage countermeasures and related systems.
Companies are encouraged to use the "Technology Leakage Countermeasures Guidance" (with checklist), the "Private Sector Best Practices Collection," and the "Technology Information Management Certification System" (eligible for additional points in manufacturing subsidies).Since many companies with excellent technologies exist in regional areas, promoting technology leakage countermeasures through public-private cooperation is important.